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Magdalen Bridge
Magdalen Bridge spans the divided stream of the River Cherwell just to the east of the City of Oxford, England, and next to Magdalen College, whence it gets its name and pronunciation. It connects the High Street to the west with The Plain, now a roundabout, to the east.
== Antecedents==
This point of the Cherwell has been used for crossing since ancient times. The first known reference to a bridge goes back to 1004 and originally it was probably a wooden trestle construction or a drawbridge.〔Jaine, T.W.M. (1971). (''The building of Magdalen Bridge, 1772–1790'' ) (PDF), ''Oxoniensia'' xxxvi, p.59.〕 By the 16th century a late medieval stone bridge had replaced the wooden one. This bridge was about long and was formed by 20 arches.〔Steane, John (1997). ''(''Medieval Bridges in Oxfordshire )'', Vale and Downland Museum, Wantage, UK. Local History Series, p.5.〕
By the 1770s, the stone bridge was too narrow for the increasing traffic, as it did not allow two vehicles crossing safely. In addition to this, the structure was becoming unsound due to the combination of two factors: a generalized lack of maintenance and the negative effects of regular flooding. Eventually some of the arches of the western side collapsed during the floods of February 1772, making the bridge irreparable.〔Jaine, T.W.M. (1971). (''The building of Magdalen Bridge, 1772–1790'' ) (PDF), ''Oxoniensia'' xxxvi, p.60&61.〕
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